Osidge School Calculation Policy Written Methods (Based on guidance from DfES) Written by Miss S. Moloney (Maths Co-ordinator) Introduction Objectives Children are introduced to the processes of calculation through practical, oral and mental activities. Through these activities, they consolidate their understanding of number facts and begin to develop ways of recording to support their thinking and calculation methods. As children’s mental and informal ‘jottings’ methods are strengthened, they become ready to use more efficient written methods. It is our aim that by the end of Year 6, children will be equipped with mental, written and calculator methods that they understand and use correctly. Indeed, when faced with a calculation, children should be able to decide which method is most appropriate and have strategies to check its accuracy. This guidance focuses on the use of ‘standard’ written methods – compact methods that are efficient and work for any calculations, including those that involve whole numbers and decimals. Being able to use these written methods gives children an efficient set of tools that they can use when they are unable to carry out the calculation in their heads or do not have access to a calculator. The guidance covers written methods for each of the number operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division), showing the progression in stages. The numbered stages do not relate to children’s Year groups: teachers will move children onto the next stage when they are confident that the child is ready for this. At Osidge, we follow the Primary Framework for mathematics, published by the Department for Education and Skills. The objectives in the Framework show the progression in children’s use of written methods of calculation in the strands ‘Using and applying mathematics’ and ‘Calculating’. Scroll down or use these links to jump to you year group’s calculation policy: YEAR 1 YEAR 3 YEAR 5 YEAR 2 YEAR 4 YEAR 6 Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 1 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve problems involving counting, adding, subtracting, doubling or halving in the context of numbers, measures or money. Relate addition to counting on; recognise that addition can be done in any order; use practical and informal written methods to support the addition of a 1-digit number or a multiple of 10 to a 1-digit or 2-digit number. Describe a puzzle or problem using numbers, practical materials and diagrams; use these to solve the problem and set the solution in the original context. Understand subtraction as ‘take away’ and find a ‘difference’ by counting up; use practical and informal written methods to support the subtraction of a 1-digit number from a 1-digit or 2-digit number and a multiple of 10 from a 2-digit number. Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 2 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication or division in contexts of numbers, measures or pounds and pence. Represent repeated addition and arrays as multiplication, and sharing and repeated subtraction (grouping) as division; use practical and informal written methods and related vocabulary to support multiplication and division, including calculations with remainders. Identify and record the information or calculation needed to solve a puzzle or problem; carry out the steps or calculations and check the solution in the context of the problem. Use the symbols +, –, ÷ and = to record and interpret number sentences involving all four operations; calculate the value of an unknown in a number sentence e.g. ? ÷ 2 = 6 [ back to top ] Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 3 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve one-step ad two-step problems involving numbers, money or measures, including time, choosing and carrying out appropriate calculations Develop and use written methods to record, support or explain addition and subtraction of two-digit and three-digit numbers. Represent the information in a puzzle or problem using numbers, images or diagrams; use these to find a solution and present it in context, where appropriate using £.p notation or units of measure. Develop and use written methods to record, support or explain addition and subtraction of two-digit and three-digit numbers. Represent the information in a puzzle or problem using numbers, images or diagrams; use these to find a solution and present it in context, where appropriate using £.p notation or units of measure Use practical and informal written methods to multiply and divide two-digit numbers; round remainders u or down, depending on the context. Understand that division is the inverse of multiplication and vice versa Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 4 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve one-step ad two-step problems involving numbers, money or measures, including time; choose and carry out appropriate calculations, using calculator methods where appropriate. Refine and use efficient written methods to add and subtract two-digit and three-digit whole numbers and £.p. Represent a puzzle or problem using number sentences, statements or diagrams; use these to solve the problem; present and interpret the solution in the context of the problem. Develop and use written methods to record, support and explain multiplication and division of two-digit numbers by a one-digit number, including division with remainders (e.g. a5 x 9, 98 ÷ 6). [ back to top ] Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 5 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve one-step and two-step problems involving whole numbers and decimals and all four operations, choosing and using appropriate calculation strategies, including calculator use. Use efficient written methods to add and subtract whole numbers and decimals with up to two places. Use understanding of place value to multiply and divide whole numbers by 10, 100 or 1000 Represent a puzzle or problem by identifying and recording the information or calculations needed to solve it; find possible solutions and confirm them in the context of the problem. Refine and use efficient written methods to multiply and divide HTU X U, TU X TU, U.t x U and HTU ÷ U. Osidge School Calculation Policy – Year 6 Using & Applying Maths Calculating Solve multi-step problems, and problems involving fractions, decimals and percentages; choose and use appropriate calculation strategies at each stage, including calculator use. Use efficient written methods to add and subtract integers and decimals, to multiply and divide integers and decimals by a one-digit integer, and to multiply two-digit and three-digit integers by a two-digit integer. Represent and interpret sequences, patterns and relationships involving numbers and shapes; suggest and test hypotheses; construct and use simple expressions and formulae in words then symbols (e.g. the cost of c pens at 15p each is 15c) The written methods for each type of calculation can be found ‘here’ – click the link and then view pages 5 – 8. If you have any queries about this policy, please make an appointment to see Ms. Moloney via the School Office. Any queries about your child’s progress in Maths should be directed to their class or group teacher. [ back to top ]